Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) - Surgery to restore blood flow to the heart muscle by moving blood vessels from other parts of the body into the heart, to provide a route around obstructed coronary (heart) arteries.

• Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass (MIDCAB) Beating heart surgery that is a version of the traditional coronary artery bypass graft. There is minimal invasion into the chest and it does not require the sternum to be split.
• Off Pump Coronary Artery Bypass (OPCAB) Beating heart surgery that allows the surgeon to sew the bypass grafts into place without stopping the heart. The chest is opened as in conventional open-heart surgery.

Port Access Surgery - A version of the traditional heart surgery where the sternum is not split. Small incisions are made in the chest through which the surgeon will perform the operation. Does require use of a heart-lung machine.

Heart Transplantation - Surgery to remove a severely diseased and failing heart and replace it with a healthy heart from a donor who has died to treat irreversible, life-threatening heart diseases that cannot be managed using any other type of medical or surgical method.

Heart Valve Repair - Surgery to repair a defective heart valve

Heart Valve Replacement - Surgery to replace a damaged heart valve with either a porcine (pig) or a mechanical valve.

Maze Procedure - Surgery to treat atrial fibrillation

Pacemaker Insertion - The surgical insertion of an artificial pacemaker, a small, battery-operated device that helps maintain a normal heartbeat by sending electrical impulses to the heart when the body's natural pacemaker becomes defective due to heart disease, and causes the heart to beat too fast, too slow, or irregularly.

Ross Procedure - A type of heart valve replacement to replace an aortic valve that is severely narrowed (stenosis) and/or improperly closing, allowing blood to leak back in the wrong direction (regurgitation). The patient's own pulmonary valve is used as the aortic valve substitute.

Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) - Laser surgery that opens tiny new pathways within the heart. These holes improve blood flow and reduce the severity of chest pain, pressure or discomfort (angina) resulting from a lack of oxygen-rich blood to the heart.

Ventricular Assist Device - A type of mechanical heart that is surgically implanted in the patient's chest during open-heart surgery to help the heart pump blood.

Pectus Excavatum Repair - A surgery to correct a deformity of the front of the chest wall with depression of the breastbone (sternum) and rib (costal) cartilages.

Thoracotomy - Surgery for opening the chest wall to access the lungs, esophagus, trachea, aorta, heart and diaphragm.

Lung Surgery

• Lobectomy: removal of a lung lobe
• Pneumonectomy: removal of an entire lung
• Decortication: removal of a portion of the lung's lining
• Resection of chest wall tumors
• Rresection of mediastinal tumors or cysts

Esophageal Surgery

• Esophageal Resections
• Esophagectomy

Pectus Excavatum Repair

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Repair (Aneurysmectomy) - To repair or remove an aneurysm within the part of the aorta that passes through the chest.

Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Repair - To correct a group of disorders that affect the nerves running from neck to the arms and the nerves and blood vessels running between the base of the neck and the armpit. The surgery dividing a neck muscle and removing part of the first rib.

Sympathectomy - To cure excessive sweating in the hands, face, and underarms and sometimes the feet (hyperhydrosis) by cutting and sealing a portion of the sympathetic nerve chain that runs down the backbone, parallel to the spinal cord. This surgery permanently interrupts the nerve signal that is causing the body to sweat excessively.

Surgery for children and patients with Congenital Heart Defects (heart-related problem that is present since birth and often as the heart is forming even before birth).

Arterial Switch Operation - To treat TGA (transposition of the great artery)

Atrioventricular Septal Defect (ASVD) Repair - To correct hole in the wall (septum) between the left and right chambers of the heart, right at the point where the upper and lower chambers of the heart meet.

• Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) - Hole is located in the wall (septum) between the heart's upper chambers.
• Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) - Hole is located in the wall (septum) between the two lower chambers (ventricles).

Blalock Taussig Procedure - Surgery to treat "blue baby" syndrome

Coarctation of Aorta Repair - To correct defect in aorta, the main artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body, at the point where the walls are pinched, narrowed or pressed together.

Fontan Procedure - To treat a variety of different congenital heart defects. A passageway is created for oxygen-poor blood to bypass the right ventricle and travel directly to the lungs for fresh oxygen.

Norwood Procedure - Involves a series of three open-heart surgeries that gradually improve certain life threatening forms of congenital heart disease, most often used to treat hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) Repair - To correct a heart defect when the ductus arteriosus blood vessel fails to close after birth, as it normally should.

Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) Repair - The repair the opening between the upper two chambers of the heart (atria) fails to close after birth, as it normally should.

Pulmonary atresia Repair - To correct a congenital heart defect where the pulmonic valve, which is normally responsible for opening and closing at precise moments to allow blood to flow from the heart, through the pulmonary artery, and to the lungs, is permanently closed during the development of an infant's heart before birth.

Rastelli Procedure - An open-heart surgery to correct various heart defects that cause cyanosis, a bluish tint to the skin, lips, fingernails and other parts of the body as a result of lack of oxygen-rich blood in the body.

Tetralogy of Fallot Repair - To correct a tetralogy (four specific heart defects) that lead to a reduced blood flow to the lungs because not much oxygen-poor blood can squeeze through the pulmonary valve to get to the lungs, traveling instead out the aorta and to the rest of the body.

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